果实异质性对媚丽葡萄酚类物质及抗氧化活性的影响

Influence of Berry Heterogeneity on the Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Meili(Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes

为了探索果实异质性对酿酒葡萄果皮和种子中重要品质因子的影响,本文以媚丽葡萄(Vitis vinifera L.)为材料,测定了果实采收时不同密度浆果的比例,及其果皮和种子中酚类物质含量、抗氧化活性的差异。结果表明:不同密度浆果的粒重、表面积和体积均没有显著性差异(P≤0.05)。高密度浆果(D5=1089 kg/m3)的还原糖含量最高而酸含量最低,分别为182.67 g/L和7.32 g/L。随着果实密度的增加,果皮中的总酚(TPC)、总类黄酮(TFOC)、总黄烷醇(TFAC)和总花色苷(TMAC)含量均显著增加(P≤0.05)。高密度浆果种子中的上述酚类物质含量显著高于中密度(D4=1082 kg/m3)和低密度(D3=1079 kg/m3)葡萄,后两者间差异不显著(P≤0.05)。高密度果实果皮和种子的抗氧化活性均显著高于中低密度浆果(P≤0.05),而中低密度果实间无显著性差异(P≤0.05)。由此表明媚丽葡萄采收时果实异质性普遍存在,以高密度浆果的品质最好。

In order to explore the influence of grape heterogeneity on important indicators of quality in the skin and seed of wine grapes, Meili (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes were used as the material for this study. The proportion of berries with different densities at harvest time and differences in the content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity were determined in the skin and seed. The results showed that berries with different densities did not show significant differences in weight, surface area, and volume (P ≤ 0.05). The highest sugar content (182.67 g/L) and the lowest acid content (7.32 g/L) were found in the high-density berries (D5 = 1089 kg/m3). With increasing grape density, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFOC), total flavanol content (TFAC), and total monomeric anthocyanin content (TMAC) in the skin were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05). The content of these phenolics in the seeds of high-density berries was significantly higher than that of medium-density (D4 = 1082 kg/m3) and low-density (D3 = 1079 kg/m3) berries, and there was no significant difference in the phenolic content of the seed between the latter two groups. The antioxidant activity of both skin and seed in high-density berries was significantly higher than that of medium-density and low-density berries, and there was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity of both skin and seed between the latter two groups. Therefore, berry heterogeneity in Meili grapes is commonly present at harvest time, and high-density berries have the highest quality. © 2015, South China University of Technology. All right reserved.