不同类型枣园节肢动物群落营养层及优势功能集团的组成与多样性时序动态

THE DYNAMICS OF DIVERSITY AND THE COMPOSITION OF NUTRIENT CLASSES AND DOMINANT GUILDS OF ARTHROPOD COMMUNITY IN DIFFERENT INTERCROPPING AND MANAGING JUJUBE YARD ECOSYSTEMS

从物种、营养层和功能集团三个水平上分析了枣园节肢动物群落的组成和各营养层多样性的时序动态 ,结果表明 ,在五种类型的枣园区 ,种的多样性 >功能集团多样性 >营养层多样性 ,种的多样性、功能集团的多样性与营养层的多样性间的相关均达到极显著水平 (P <0 0 1)。功能集团多样性与种多样性的变化趋势较一致 ,营养层多样性在时间序列过程中波动性较小 ,所以 ,在群落研究中可以用对功能集团的研究代替对种的研究 ,从而简化物种间复杂的网络关系 ,营养层多样性可用于群落相似性和稳定性的分析。认为对于天敌作用的评价应以整个群落为基础 ,全面考虑天敌、害虫、以及中性昆虫的数量、丰盛度、空间时间生态位等信息。

The dynamics of component structures and nutrient classes diversity of the arthropod community were analyzing using species and nutrient classes and guilds in different intercropping and managing jujube yard ecosystems in Taigu. The results indicated that the species diversity>guilds diversity>nutrient classes diversity in all treatment fields. The correlation among nutrient classes diversity, guilds diversity and species diversity were obviously significant ( P <0 01). The variable trend of guild's biodiversity was similar to that of the species biodiversity, the fluctuation of nutrient classes diversity was less. If the species was replaced by guilds in studying the structure and function of community, the complicated network relationship among species in the community would be simplified. The function of natural enemy in the community should be evaluated on the numbers, the temporal and spatial niches of natural enemies, pests and neutral insects. The neutral insects in jujube yards arthropod community play an important role in the nutrient chain of the pests and natural enemies.