奶牛育种中的遗传进展

Evaluation of genetic advance in dairy cattle breeding

分别采用直接回归法、公牛加权均值回归法、最小二乘回归法和BLUP回归法,对福建省南平市2个奶牛场的305d 胎产奶量遗传进展进行了评估.结果表明:整个16a期间平均遗传进展为60kg左右,约为均值的1.34%(前8a为26-35kg,约为均值的0.68%-0.89%;后8a为96-131kg左右,约为均值的1.97%-2.73%).16a间的平均世代间隔是:父-女6.59a,母-女5.94a,平均6.26a.由于评估遗传进展的需要,同时采用父系半同胞相关法对奶牛305d 胎产奶量遗传力进行了估计,其遗传力为0.29.

The genetic advance of the milk yield (305 days, 1st lactation) from 1397 daughters, offsprings of 35 breeding sires of 2 dairy farms in Nanping of Fujian was evaluated by means of 4 different regression methods. The result of genetic change of milk yield was as follows: average genetic advance was about 60 kg per year during 16 years, an increase about 1.34% per year(26-35 kg per year in the first 8 years, nearly about 0.68%-0.89% of average genetic progress; about 96-131 kg in the later 8 years, approximately 1.97%-2.73% of average genetic change). During 16 years the generation interval from father to daughter was 6.59 years, from mother to daughter was 5.94 years, average value was 6.26 years. The heritability of milk yield was calculated by the halfsister correlation analysis, the calculated result was 0.29.