古代朝鲜学者的《授时历》研究

THE STUDY OF SHOU SHI LI BY ANCIENT KOREAN SCHOLARS

该文通过对几部朝鲜古代历法著作的研究，对古代朝鲜学者对《授时历》的消化吸收情况进行了探讨，结果发现：《授时历捷法立成》则是高丽天文学家姜保根据《授时历》独立推算的一套立成表，但在使用上比《授时历立成》本身的立成表更为方便。《七政算·内篇》在“应数”等基本常数方面虽然取自《授时历》，但在算法和体例方面则主要是以《大统历通轨》为参照的；该书中的四季半昼夜分和日出时刻表是李朝天文学家根据《授时历》“步九服所在漏刻术”推求的，该算法与球面天文学算式相符，为推算结果提供了精度保障。《交食推步法》中已经正确推出了《授时历》盈缩、迅疾立成表的一般计算公式，表明李朝早期的朝鲜天文学家已经掌握了招差术以及《授时历》立法原理，对这部历法已经真正达到了融会贯通的水平。

This paper made a systematic study on several Korean classics on the Shou Shi Li in an attempt to reveal the level reached by ancient Korean astronomers in their absorption and assirnilation of this Chinese Calendar. and found that (1) the ready tables in the Su-si-ryok Chop -pop Ipsong were calculated independently by Kang Po ac cording to the rules of the Shou Shi Li but were more convenient in practical use than the ready tables in the Shou Shi Li Li Cheng; (2) although the epoch and element param eters in the Chil-Chon San Nea-Pyon (CCSNP) were taken mainly from the Shou-Shi Li, its calculating method and the style of compilation were adopted mainly from the DaTong Li Tong-Gui; (3)the new table in CCSNPshowing the half-a-day lengths in different seasons as seen at Han-Yang were calculated by using the method for the calculation of this kind of table for different places mentioned in the Shou-Shi Li, which conformswith formula of spherical astronomy; (4) the author of the Jiao-Shi Tui-Bu Fa had produced the general formulae for the computation of the ready tables used in the calculation of the solar and lunar equations,indicating that the Korean Astronomers in the early Yi dynasty had grasped the caculative principle of Shou-Shi Li and the method of inter polation needed in it.