傣族古歌谣中的稻作年代考

A STUDY ON THE DATE OF RICE CULTURE IN THE OLD FOLK SONGS OF DAI NATIONALITY

傣族是中国西南少数民族之一，也是最古老的稻作民族百越族的后裔，《古歌谣》是傣族先民留下的反映本民族生产和生活的历史资料。该文从中国稻作技术的发展和傣族历法的由来两个方面，考察了傣族古歌谣中的稻作年代问题，认为《古歌谣》中所反映的稻作可能是唐宋，特别是明代以后的情况，并在此基础上讨论了汉族和傣族稻作文化的关系。

The Dai (also Tai, Thai and Shan) nationality, one of the minority nationalities in Southwest China, is descended from the Bei Yue people with the earliest rice culture. Handed down from generation to generation, the old folk songs of Dai are regarded as precious material about Dai people's production and life. Some scholars have speculated about the time of rice culture in the songs, and defined it to be before the Later Han Dynasty. In the historical view of rice cultrue and Dai Calendar, the time of rice culture in Dai old folk songs is discussed in this paper. It is suggested that the rice culture in the folk songs may be dated as some time after the Tang Dynasty, even after the Ming Dynasty, and not before the Later Han Dynasty. Moreover, the paper also discusses the relations of rice culture between the Hans and the Dais.