牛膝多糖的免疫调节作用

THE IMMUNOMODULATORY EFFECT OF ACHYRANTHES BIDENTATA POLYSACCHARIDES

为深入探讨牛膝多糖（ＡＢＰＳ）对免疫系统的作用机制，用体内、外的方法，对老年鼠一些免疫功能进行了研究。研究表明，ＡＢＰＳ在体外可以提高老年小鼠Ｔ淋巴细胞的增殖能力和ＩＬ２的分泌。体内能显著提高老年大鼠Ｔ淋巴细胞和血清中ＴＮＦβ或ＴＮＦα及ＮＯ的产生和ＮＯＳ的活性，降低其ｓＩＬ２Ｒ的产生；ＡＢＰＳ５０～８００ｍｇ·Ｌ－１体外给药或１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｐ可提高老年大鼠ＰＭΦＴＮＦα及ＮＯ的产生和ＮＯＳ的活性，ＡＢＰＳ１００ｍｇ·ｋｇ－１ｉｐ并能提高ＬＰＳ诱导的ＰＭΦＴＮＦα及ＮＯ的产生和ＮＯＳ的活性。ＡＢＰＳ对老年大鼠大脑皮层ＮＯ的产生及ＮＯＳ的活性无影响。提示ＡＢＰＳ可以启动和活化ＭΦ，纠正老年鼠的免疫低下状态，是免疫调节剂。

Achyranthes bidentata polysaccharides(ABPS) was extracted from the root of Achyranthes bidentata Blume with molecular weight of 1400. It composed of fructose and glucose residues. The molar ratio was 87∶10. It was a watersoluble neutral polysaccharide of white powder in purity of 999%. The effect of ABPS 0625×102～200×103 mg·L-1 on lymphocyte proliferation to Con A on splenocytes from aged mice was evaluated to be about 111～326 folds in vitro. ABPS 100×103 mg·L-1 was shown to increase IL2 production in Con Astimulated aged mouse splenocytes from 67±10 u·ml-1 to 193±57 u·ml-1 in vitro. SandwishELISA was used for the determination of TNFα, TNFβ and sIL2R in cell suspension. The spectrophotometry with Griess reagent was used for the determination of NO in cell suspension. A method was developed for the determination of NOS activity in biological sample by HPLC. ABPS 50, 100 mg·kg-1 ip was found to markedly promote TNFβ and NO release, but decrease sIL2R production from Con Astimulated aged rat splenocytes, the activity of NOS in those cells was increased. ABPS 100 mg·kg-1 ip elevated serum TNFα and NO contents and the NOS activity induced by LPS 03 mg·kg-1 ip in aged rats. ABPS 50～800 mg·L-1 elevated TNFα and NO production from PMΦ and increased the NOS activity in PMΦ in vitro, but showed no significant influence on TNFα, NO release and on NOS activity induced by LPS 10 mg·L-1 for PMΦ from aged rats. ABPS 100 mg·kg-1 ip elicited TNFα, NO production and NOS activity for PMΦ from aged rats, ABPS 100 mg·kg-1 ip showed a synergetic action with LPS 10 mg·L-1. When rats were treated with ABPS 50～800 mg·L-1 ip, there was no significant difference on NO productionon, and NOS activity in the cerebral cortex between those isolated from aged rats and those isolated from young rats. These results indicate that ABPS may prime and trigger MΦ and has restorative effects on the deficiency of the immune system associated with aging in mice and rats.