我国不同地区麻疹流行特点分析

Classification of Measles Control Situation in Different Areas of China

在对我国麻疹流行特点初步分析的基础上 ,采用主成分与聚类分析的方法 ,根据各地自然、经济条件 ,麻疹的流行特点及计划免疫工作状况等 ,将我国除西藏 (因资料不全 )外的 2 9个省、市、自治区分为麻疹控制较好、一般、较差和高危四类。文章建议 ,对麻疹控制较好地区应着手建立麻疹监测系统 ;第二类地区应在建立麻疹监测系统的同时 ,考虑实施强化免疫 ;第三类地区应在考虑强化免疫的同时 ,重点加强对爆发疫情的监测和处理能力 ;而第四类地区应进一步加强常规免疫 ,开展局部强化免疫 ,减少麻疹爆发。

Based on initial description of measles epidemiology,principal component analysis and cluster analysis were applied to analyze the epidemiological pattern of measles in China.Several indicators of socioeconomic status,epidemiological characteristics of measles,as well as status of EPI performance were selected as creteria for classification.It was demonstrated that four groups could be identified as undercontrol,moderate,less advanced and poor areas in terms of the status of measles controlled program .Different strategies were recommanded for different groups.For the undercontrol areas,establishment of measles surveillance system should be prioritized. For the moderate epidemic areas,supplemental immunization should be considered while measles surveil- lance system is initiated.In the less advanced areas,supplemental immunization and strengthening outbreak response activities should be considered.For poor areas,routine measles immunization needs further improvement to reduce outbreaks.