福建省五型病毒性肝炎流行特征

Epidemiologic Features of Viral Hepatitis in Fujian

为了解福建省人群病毒性肝炎流行特征 ,福建省于 1992年进行五型病毒性肝炎感染的血清流行病学调查。采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样法 ,采集福建省疾病监测点自然人群的 12 37户家庭中 1～ 59岁居民血样本 380 9份。采用 RIA法检测 HBs Ag、抗 - HBs、抗 - HBc,采用 EIA法检测抗 - HAV、抗 - HCV、抗 - HDV、抗 - HEV和 HBe Ag。结果显示各标化流行率为 HAV 76.60 %、HBV77.2 6%、HCV 3.99%、HDV 2 .10 %、HEV 18.80 %、HBs Ag 17.2 5%、抗 - HBs 34 .33%、抗 - HBc68.58%、HBe Ag 8.4 2 %。农村 HAV、HBV、HEV流行率均高于城市。 HBs Ag流行率出现儿童峰和成人峰而且男性高于女性。 HBV和 HEV感染有明显的家庭聚集性。青壮年 HEV流行率高 ,城市儿童 HAV流行率低。提示福建省是 HAV、HBV、HCV、HEV的高流行区。预防甲、乙型肝炎病毒感染最有效策略是免疫接种甲、乙型肝炎疫苗。

To study the prevalence and the epidemiologic features of viral hepatitis in Fujian,a seroepidemiological survey on five kinds of viral hepatitis infection has been carried out in Fujian province since1992 .Using stratified mulitistage random cluster sampling,3 80 9serum samples were collected from12 37families in general population in the disease surveillance points in Fujian province.HBs Ag,anti- HBs and anti- HBc were screened by RIA and HBe Ag,anti- HAV,anti- HCV anti- HDV anti- HEV were by EIA.The results showed that the standardized prevalence rates of HAV,HBV,HCV,HDV,HEV,HBs Ag,anti- HBs,anti- HBc and HBe Ag were76.60 % ,77.2 6% , 3.99% ,2 .10 % ,18.80 % ,17.2 5% ,34 .33% ,68.58% and 8.4 2 % respectively.The HAV,HBV, HEV prevalence rates in rural were higher than in urban areas.The HBs Ag prevalence rate among males was higher than females,with peaks evidenced in 5- 9years old and2 0 - 2 9years old.There seemed to be significant family clusterings of HBV and HEV infection.There was higher HEV prevalence rate among the young- robusts but lower HAV prevalence rate among children in urban areas.These results suggested that Fujian is a highly prevalent area for HAV,HBV,HCV and HEV infections.Thus HA and HB vaccination should play as the mosteffective strategy in the prevention of HAV and HBV infections.