走出人伦道德的世界——近代中国权利文化生长的思想根源

Beyond the View of "Ren Lun": Philosophical and Ideological Civilization Origin of Rights in Modern China

中国传统思想文化已发展到了从根本上重新界定“人”的新阶段 ,而这种重新界定意味着中国政治哲学和伦理文化的新时代———“近代”的开启。传统儒学主要是从人伦道德的角度界定和把握人 ,而近代思想家们则首先视人为一具有自然欲求的存在 ,进而走出了传统儒学关于人性之善与恶的纷争 ,主张性无善恶之分别的自然人性论 ,强调了人性中“智”的重要性 ,由此而对以个体本位主义为价值诉求的新人格作了建设性的探究 ,为近代“权利”

The Chinese traditional ideology and culture have evolved into another stage of the fundamental redefinition of 'Human' which signifies the start of a new era-modern times-in Chinese political philosophy and ethical culture.The traditional Confucianists based their comprehension and definition of 'Human' on 'Ren Lun', whereas modern thinkers deem 'human' as an natural existen ce with desires,as a result of which, the latter are extricated from the good-and-ev il disputes of humanity by the former.They advocate natural humanity without a ny discrimination of good or evil, underlining the significance of intelligence in humanity. Consequently, their constructive probe into the new personality seeking for individual selfish departmentalism has established a solid foundatio n for the modern culture of rights.