试论语用学研究中认知语境的作用

On the role of cognitive context in pragmatic research

语言交际是一种社会行为 ,在人类社会中人们通过语言交际进行各种社会活动 ,实现各种社会目的。语用学正是研究人们在特定的环境下如何有效地进行语言交际。文章试图从语用学的角度 ,讨论认知语境在相互明白、话语相关及话语理解中所起的作用 ,强调交际双方正是在一定的认知语境下 ,根据相应的语境因素 ,选择合适的语言表达形式 。

Linguistic communication is a type of social behavior. In human society, people carry out all kinds of social activities by language and realize different social purposes. Pragmatics just researches that how human communication with language takes place effectively in specific context. This article, from the view of pragmatics, discusses the roles which cognitive context plays in mutual manifest, utterance relevance and utterance inference. It also emphasizes that in a certain cognitive context both sides of communication depend on corresponding contextual factors, choose appropriate expressing forms and achieve communicative goals.