心脏康复分期护理在急性心肌梗死患者行经皮冠状动脉介入术后的应用价值

Application value of staged cardiac rehabilitation nursing in acute myocardial infarction patients after percutaneous coronary intervention

目的分析心脏康复分期护理在行经皮冠状动脉介入术(PCI)后患者中的应用价值。方法以2021年6月至2022年5月泰州市人民医院收治的120例行PCI术后患者为研究对象,采用随机摸球法分为对照组及观察组,每组60例。对照组给予常规护理联合康复干预,观察组在对照组的基础上给予心脏康复分期护理。比较2组患者在干预前及干预6个月后的主要不良心血管事件发生率、心肺功能、运动恐惧、运动耐力、自我效能及生活质量。结果观察组的主要不良心血管事件总发生率低于对照组(P<0.05)。干预6个月后,观察组的左室射血分数、第1秒用力呼气容积与用力肺活量的比值、6 min步行试验距离、冠心病自我效能感量表评分及西雅图心绞痛量表评分均高于或大于对照组,心脏疾病运动恐惧量表评分低于对照组(P均<0.05),且2组均较干预前更佳(P均<0.05)。结论对行PCI术后患者进行有效的心脏康复分期护理,能够减少心血管不良事件的发生,改善患者的心肺功能,减轻其运动恐惧,且提高患者的运动耐力、自我效能及生活质量。

Objective To analyze the application value of staged cardiac rehabilitation nursing in patients with acute myocardial infarction after percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 120 patients after PCI were enrolled from Taizhou People's Hospital between June 2021 and May 2022.They were divided into control and observation groups by random ball method,each with 60 cases.The control group was given routine nursing combined with rehabilitation intervention,and the observation group was given staged cardiac rehabilitation nursing on the basis of the control group.The incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events,cardiopulmonary function,kinesiophobia,exercise endurance,self-efficacy,and quality of life were compared between the two groups before and after 6 months of intervention.Results The observation group had a lower total incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events than the control group(P<0.05).After 6 months of intervention,the left ventricular ejection fraction,the forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity,the 6-min walking distance,the Cardiac Self-efficacy Scale score,and the Seattle Angina Questionnaire score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group,and the score of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia was lower than that in the control group(all P<0.05).Both groups performed better than those before intervention(all P<0.05).Conclusion For patients after PCI,effective staged cardiac rehabilitation nursing can reduce the adverse cardiovascular events,improve the cardiopulmonary function,alleviate the fear of physical activity,and enhance the exercise endurance,self-efficacy and quality of life.