溢流管开缝耦合滤网对旋流分离器分离效率的影响研究

Study on the effect of overflow pipe open seam coupled screen on the separation efficiency of cyclone separator

针对旋流分离器在实际分离过程中的低效率、高能耗问题,提出在旋流分离器溢流管处开缝并耦合滤网。据此设计了溢流管单层开缝、双层开缝和三层开缝的结构模型,并在开缝处分别耦合了150目和200目两种滤网,得出了6种改进方案。对滤网实际模型和多孔阶跃模型在压降上的误差进行比较,并分析了在不同速度下溢流管开缝层数和滤网目数对分离效率的影响。结果表明,流速大于10 m/s时,150目和200目两种滤网的实际模型和多孔阶跃模型的压降相对误差为0.70%和0.40%,验证了多孔阶跃模型的可靠性。在同一入口流速下,开缝层数越多,旋流器的切向速度越小、压降越低、分离效率越小,在相同开缝层数下,耦合150目滤网的切向速度和径向速度均低于耦合200目滤网,改进后旋流分离器的压降降幅最大可达18.76%。当入口速度为20 m/s时,改进后的6种旋流器的分离效率位于97.25%~97.59%之间,较常规旋流器97.63%的分离效率相差不大。采用旋流分离器溢流管开缝并耦合滤网的设计,可以在保持效率的前提下有效地降低能耗。

In order to solve the problems of low efficiency and high energy consumption of cyclone separator in the actual separation process,a slit at the overflow pipe of cyclone separator and couple with a screen was proposed,according to which the structural models of single-layer,double-layer and triple-layer slits of the overflow pipe were designed,and 2 types of screens of 150 mesh and 200 mesh were coupled with the slit respectively,and 6 kinds of improvement schemes were obtained.The pressure drop error between the actual model and the porous step model was compared,and the effects of the number of layers of the overflow tube and the number of meshes on the separation efficiency under different velocities were analysed.The results showed that when the flow rate was greater than 10 m/s,the relative error in pressure drop between the actual model and the porous step model for the 2 types of 150 mesh and 200 mesh meshes was 0.70 % and 0.40 %,respectively,and this validation demonstrated the reliability of the porous step model.At the same inlet flow rate,the greater the number of layers of the overflow tube,the lower the tangential velocity of the cyclone.At the same inlet velocity,the more slotted layers,the lower the tangential velocity,the lower the pressure drop,and the slightly lower the cyclone separation efficiency.At the same number of slotted layers,the tangential and radial velocities under the 150 mesh screen coupling were lower than those under the 200 mesh screen coupling,and the maximum reduction in pressure drop of the improved cyclone could reach 18.76 %.The separation efficiency of the 6 improved cyclones under a 20 m/s inlet velocity is 97.25 % to 97.59 %,which is very close to the originel cyclone′s sepration efficiency of 97.63 %.The design of the cyclone separator overflow tube with open slot and coupling screen can effectively reduce the energy consumption under the premise of maintaining the efficiency.