数字经济对城乡居民增收的影响机理与空间效应研究

A Study on the Impact Mechanism and Spatial Effect of Digital Economy on Urban and Rural Residents’Income Increase

数字经济的蓬勃发展为城乡居民增收开辟了新的途径和机遇。在理论分析的基础上,基于2012—2022年省域面板数据,采用固定效应模型和空间杜宾模型实证检验数字经济对城乡居民增收的影响及其空间效应。研究发现,数字经济可以显著促进城乡居民增收,数字经济指数每增加1个单位,农村和城镇居民人均可支配收入分别上升1.465和1.259个百分点,表明数字经济对农村居民增收的促进作用大于城镇居民。异质性分析显示,在农村地区,数字经济对高收入居民增收的影响程度大于中、低收入居民,且差距较大;而在城镇地区,数字经济对高、中收入居民增收的影响程度大于低收入居民,但差距较小。进一步的空间计量分析表明,数字经济对城乡居民增收存在显著的正向空间溢出效应,且间接效应大于直接效应,说明数字经济不仅可以促进本地居民增收,对周边地区居民增收亦有更大的促进作用。

The vigorous development of digital economy has opened up new ways and opportunities for urban and rural residents to increase their incomes.On the basis of theoretical analysis,the fixed-effect model and spa-tial Durbin model are used to empirically test the impact of digital economy on urban and rural residents′income increase and its spatial effect based on the provincial panel data from 2012 to 2022.The study finds that digital economy can significantly promote the increase of urban and rural residents′income.With each increase of one unit of digital economy index,the per capita disposable income of rural and urban residents increases by 1.465 and 1.259 percentage points respectively,indicating that digital economy has a greater role in promoting the in-crease of rural residents′income than that of urban residents.Heterogeneity analysis shows that in rural areas,the impact of digital economy on the income increase of high income residents is greater than that of middle and low income residents,and the gap is large;In cities and towns,the impact of digital economy on the income increase of high and middle income residents is greater than that of low income residents,but the gap is small.Further spatial econometric analysis shows that digital economy has a significant positive spatial spillover effect on the income in-crease of urban and rural residents,and the indirect effect is greater than the direct effect,indicating that digital economy can not only promote the income increase of local residents,but also have a greater role in promoting the income increase of residents in the surrounding areas.