计算机仿真方法初探

A Survey on Method of Computer Simulation

从方法论的角度探讨了该方法出现的必要性和可能性,指出了数学模拟和物理模拟的局限.分析了计算机模拟方法的构成,即实验者、电子计算机、计算机程序模型、一次模型和客观原型这5个部分,指出了电子计算机作为实验手段的特殊性.重点探讨了建模过程的一些方法论原则,如可靠性和简明性的统一、归纳法和演绎法相结合、功能仿真和结构仿真相结合、定性仿真和定量仿真相结合等.最后指出了该方法的两个缺点,并展望了该方法的应用前景.

In light of the definition of the method of computer simulation, the paper takes the methodological perspective and endeavors to show the necessity, possibility of the above mentioned method and points out the limitation of mathematical and physical modelings. As the second step, the paper analyses the construction of the method of computer simulation, the five parts are as follows: the experimenter, computer, the model of computer program, initial model and objective prototype. Emphasis on the discussion of methodological principles in the modeling process, such as the unity of reliability and briefness, the combination of induction and deduction, the conformity of functional simulation and structural simulation and the uniformity of qualitative simulation and quantitative simulation. The last part is devoted to the two shortcomings of the method and prospects for application.