新疆特克斯、和硕两县包虫病的流行病学调查

An Epidemiological Survey of Hydatid Disease in Takes and Heshuo in Xinjiang

本文报告新疆特克斯县及和硕县包虫病流行病学调查的结果。两地人群中包虫病的感染率分别为32.4％和27.1％;包虫病患病率分别为2.0％和2.2％。作者认为同时使用血清ELISA结果反映居民包虫病的感染水平和应用B型超声波腹部扫查和X线胸部透视的结果反映居民包虫病的患病水平,能全面反映一个地区人群中包虫病的流行程度。 两地牧民的感染率特克斯为40.2％,和硕为48.0％;农民特克斯为17.5％,和硕为20.8％,两者差异显著。牧民患病率特克斯为2.9％,和硕为2.4％;农民分别为3.2％和2.6％,均无差异。这些结果表明在新疆的具体条件下,高度地方性流行地区,有利于本病传播的自然和社会因素只能增强人群感染机会,而不能使患病率提高。提示可能由于获得性免疫水平的提高制约着患病水平的升高。对于二者间关系的进一步研究具有实际意义,作者还讨论了有关流行因素的意义。

The authors report here the epidemiological study of hydatid disease in 2 counties of Xinjiang. Human hydatid infection rates were 32.4% and 27.1% with hydatidosis prevalence rates of 2.0% and 2.2% in the 2 investigated counties, Takes and Heshuo, respectively. The authors considered that the results of ELISA may reflect the infection level in residents and the data of ultrasound abdominal scanning and chest X-ray may indicate the prevalence status. Therefore, the application of serological tests combined with US and X-ray can be completely reflect the endemic situation of hydatid disease in a given area. Results also showed that infection rates were 40.2% and 48.0% in herdsmen; and 17.5%, 20.8% in peasants in the 2 counties, respectively. But the prevalence rates in these populations were 2.9%, 2.4% and 3.2%, 2.6%, respectively. The results suggested that in severe endemic areas the factors favorable for transmission of hydatid may stimulate the acquired immunity in human thereby restricted the elevation of the morbidity of the disease. A futher study on the relationship between them is important in practice. The significance concerned with endemic factors was discussed.