克拉玛依地区的利什曼病 Ⅸ.白蛉自然感染前鞭毛体的鉴定

Leishmaniasis in Karamay Ⅸ. Identification of Leishmania Parasite Isolates from Naturally Infected Sandflies

本文报道新疆克拉玛依地区的大沙鼠洞、旷野及人房等不同场所内白蛉自然感染利什曼原虫的情况、蛉体内原虫对实验动物的致病特征以及用利什曼原虫McAb的dot-ELISA法对白蛉自然感染的利什曼前鞭毛体的检测结果;并结合4年来对当地白蛉的生态和大沙鼠体内的利什曼原虫对白蛉的感染性等一系列的调查研究,证实蒙古白蛉和安氏白蛉为克拉玛依大沙鼠体内利什曼原虫的传播媒介。

This paper reports the identification of promastigotes of Leishmania in naturally infectedsandflies in Karamay by experimental infection to laboratory animals and by using McAb in dot-ELISA. When the promastigote isolates from Phlebotomus mongolensis and P. andrejevi were injected subcutaneously into the footpades of BALB/c mice or inoculated intratesticularly into Chinese hamster (Cricetulus barabensis), the pathological changes presented at the sites of inoculation in these animals were similar to that in the experimental infection with Leishmania from Karamay big gerbil (Rhombomys opimus). A total of 16 isolates from the above 2 species of sandflies were identified as Leishmania parasitizing in big gerbils by using McAb in dot-ELISA. The promastigotes from P.major wui hardly grew in NNN medium and only a single isolate was obtained from the culture (No.65) and identified by employing McAb in dot-ELISA, which was different from Leishmania in R.opimus, L. major, L. tropica and L. donovani. Five isolates of promastigotes from infected P. major wui were inoculated directly into the footpads of BALB / c mice, no lesions were observed at the site of inoculation, but 2 Chinese hamsters inoculated intraperitoneally with 2 parasite isolatetes developed visceral infection. The spleen and liver were enlarged and a large number of Leishmania were found in spleen. liver, bone-marrow and lymph nodes smears. Histopathological examination showd that the cytoplasm of the reticular cells of the spleen and Kuffer's cells of the liver was filled with parasites. The tissue around the parasites were infiltrated by lympocytes and plasma cells. The above results associated with the findings of the bionomics of sandflies and the infectivity of Leishmania in big gerbils to these 3 species of sandflies suggested that P. mongolensis and P. andrejevi are vectors of Leishmania in big gerbils in Karamay. The parasite species in P. major wui remains to be identified.