中国的环境脆弱形势和危急区域

CHINESE CRITICAL ENVIRONMENTAL SITUATION AND AREA

源于人类影响的环境退化对人类生存及充分合理地利用自然条件和自然资源是极为不利的。以俄方提供的方法为基础,作者编制了1∶1000万中国生态环境脆弱形势和危急区图。据此,本文叙述中国环境脆弱的现状,并综述编制生态脆弱形势和区域图的国际进展,对此项研究中的若干问题作了讨论。

Anthropogenic environmental degradation is greatly disadvantageous to people's surviving and sufficient, rational utilization of natural conditions and natural resources. This paper explains how to compile 'the Chinese map of critical eco-environmental situation and areas ( 1 : 10000000)' on the basis of the method applied and provided by the Russian geographers and revised according to the Chinese characteristics. About 100 different sizes of the most critical areas are reflected on the map,and they concentrate in the trausitional belt between semiarid and subhumid districts and the populous industrial areas, the former is Chinese backward economic region where eco-environment is compained with poverty and the latter is environment-affected regions by industry. As for provincial distribution, the eco-environmental situation of Zhejiang, Fujia, Anhui, Xizang (Tibet) and Xinjiang Provinces (or autonomous regions)is inless critical level, and that of Jilin, Liaoning, He-bei, Shanxi, Ningxia, Sichuan and Jiangsu is in the most critical level, and it also approaches to the international research on this subject. It points out that this research provides a probable method to have an integrated research combining natural and human sciences. In such aspects to recognize the human impact and delineate the scope of eco-environmental problems and the critical degrees through the landuse situation and population density, there is something needed to be improved because thfs kind of landuse classification according to the human impact (including technology factors) is not completely suitable for Chinese situation.