土壤盐分对小麦籽粒蛋白质含量及产量性状的影响

Effect of salinity on seed protein and yield characters of wheat

分析了栽培在4块含盐量不同的土壤中的4个春小麦品种(系)的籽粒蛋白质含量及产量性状与土壤盐分含量及各盐离子含量的关系。结果表明:随土壤全盐含量的提高,各品种籽粒的蛋白质含量都有显著提高,千粒重和产量有所下降,各品种的产量在土壤全盐含量小于0.3%时下降不明显,只有当各时期土壤平均含盐量达到0.36%时才会显著下降;籽粒蛋白质含量与其产量的负相关不显著,说明低浓度的土壤盐分对春小麦蛋白质含量的影响要大于对产量的影响,籽粒蛋白质与产量的矛盾不是绝对的,大多数土壤盐离子含量与春小麦籽粒蛋白质含量间存在着正相关关系,而与产量和千粒重呈负相关。对籽粒蛋白质影响最大的离子是:Na+、K+和SO2-4,对产量影响最大的离子是Mg2+和Cl-;SO2-4,Ca2+,K+和Na+对千粒重有显著的影响。

The relationship between seed protein content, yield characters of four spring wheat varieties (lines) and the soil salinity was analyzed through the experiment carried out in four soils with different salt concentration. The results indicated that the protein content of each variety was increased markedly with the content of whole soil salt being improved, but the 1000grain weight and the yield were decreased. The yield of each variety decreased little when content of whole soil salt was below 0.3%, while it decreased markedly when the average of whole soil salt content in various stages reached 0.36%. The negative correlation between the seed protein content and the yield was not marked, showing that the effect of low soil salt concentration on seed protein content was greater than that on yield, and the contradictory between seed protein content and yield was not absolute. Most of the soil salt ions were correlated positively to seed protein content, but negatively to yield or 1000grain weight. The salt ions that affected seed protein most were Na+, K+ and SO2-4, those affected yield most were Mg2+ and Cl-, and those affected 1000grain weight markedly were K+ and Na+.