膜侧小麦最佳补灌时期及适宜补灌量的研究

Studies on optimum period and appropriate amount of complementary irrigation for wheat grown along film sides

通过多点田间试验和降水产量积分回归函数分析,对宁南山区膜侧冬小麦水分亏缺补偿效应进行了研究。结果表明,相同水量在不同生育时期实施补灌,以拔节期和返青期的增产效果和水分效应最大,其次为越冬期;在同一生育时期以不同水量实施补灌,90mm补灌量的小麦产量和水分生产效率同时最高,60mm的供水效率最高。因此,膜侧冬小麦最佳补灌时期为返青～拔节期,其次为越冬期,适宜补灌量为60～90mm。在最佳补灌时期实施适量补灌,能够达到节水、增产和高效补偿供水的目的。

The studies, on water deficiency and compensation effect of winter wheat planted along film sides in furrow line were conducted in southern Ningxia through multiple field trials and the calculus regressive function of precipitation and yield in representative areas in 1998~2000. The result shows that, as for the same irrigation amount, jointing and reviving stages are the stages of complementary irrigation with the most considerable yield increase and water efficiency, and overwintering stage is the next; as for the same irrgation period, both the yield and water use efficiency are the largest under the irrigation amount of 90 mm, yet the water supply efficiency is the highest under the complementary irrigation amount of 60 mm. The optimum complementary irrigation period is between reviving stage and jointing stage, and then comes over wintering stage. The appropriate complementary irrigation amount is 60~90 mm. To carry out complementary irrigation with optimum amount at proper stages is an effective way for saving water, increasing yield and using complementary water efficiently.\;