水稻体细胞无性系变异

Somaclonal Variation in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.)

水稻体细胞无性系变异研究取得了很大进展 ,获得了大量抗病、抗逆、优质、矮杆等突变体。对这些突变体遗传分析表明 ,大多数突变性状由 1对或 2对基因控制。水稻体细胞无性系变异的发生与基因型、性状、继代时间、培养方式等有关 ,并具有内在的机制 ,点突变和反转录转座子插入可能是引起水稻无性系变异的两个重要原因。

Great progress has been made in studies of rice somaclonal variation. Many somaclonal mutants with good qualities ,such as resistance for diseases and adverse environmental conditions ,good grain qualities and dwarf plant type, have been successfully obtained .Genetic analysis on these mutants indicated that most of the mutations are controlled by 1 or 2 pairs of genes. It is showed that the frequencies of occurrence of somaclonal variationin in rice is related with the gonotype, character, subculture period, tissue culture manner. Also some inherent mechanism seems to be involved in it. Point mutation and insertion of retrotransposons are probably two important reasons for somaclonal variation in rice.