站、坐位态骨盆应力分布的实验研究

Experimental Biomechanical Analysis of the Normal Pelvis in Sitting and Standing Position

目的 明确骨盆的应力分布 ,指导骨盆肿瘤瘤段骨切除后骨盆环的重建及人工半骨盆的设计与固定。方法实验取完整骨盆的新鲜尸体 (意外死亡 ) 4具 ,采用应变计测量方法 ,对不同状态下骨盆的应力进行分析。结果 站立时 ,骶髂关节中部、耻骨支、髋关节前上方承受较大的压应变 ;而坐位时 ,坐骨支、骶髂关节中下部、耻骨支均承受较大的压应变。结论 站立时应力主要是经髋臼的前上方向耻骨、骶髂关节传导 ,人工半骨盆置换设计与置换时 ,其结构应予加强 ,并作到确切固定 。

Objective To understand the stress distribution of pelvis in order to guide the design and fixation of artificial partial pelvis for reconstructing the pelvis after excision of pelvis tumor. Methods Four fresh human cadavers with intact pelvis(dead from accident) were enrolled in this study. The stress of pelvis in sitting and standing position was measured by strainometer and analyzed. Results The highest stress was found at the middle region of sacroiliac joint, the pubic symphysis and the anterior superior acetabulum in standing position, while at the middle of sacroiliac joint, pubic branch and ischial ramus in sitting position. Conclusion The stress is mainly transferred from hip joint via anterior superior acetabulum to pubic branch and sacroiliac joint in standing position. It suggests that the construction of the artificial partial pelvic prothesis should be strengthen and definitely fixed at those above mentioned locations especially at the middle region of the sacroiliac joint.