昆虫质多角体病毒研究的若干新进展

New advances in the study of insect cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses

质多角体病毒隶属呼肠孤病毒科质多角体病毒属 ,病毒粒子为二十面体球形颗粒 ,具有 3～ 5种结构蛋白 ,基因组由10或 11个节段双链RNA构成。按病毒基因组RNA片段在聚丙烯酰胺或琼脂糖凝胶中电泳图谱的差异 ,将质多角体病毒分为 15个电泳型。随着RNA病毒序列测定策略的逐步成熟与完善 ,质多角体病毒的序列测定方面取得一定的进展 ,家蚕质多角体病毒 1的两个毒株 (H株和I株 ) ,舞毒蛾质多角体病毒 1和 14 ,及粉纹夜蛾质多角体病毒 15的基因组全序列得到了测定 ,但质多角体病毒的进化与起源的研究因缺乏足够的遗传信息仍受到限制。

Cytoplasmic polyhedrosis viruses (CPVs)(Reoviridae: Cypovirus ) are icosahedral particles with a segmented double stranded RNA genome. CPVs were divided into at least 15 distinct electrophoretypes on the basis of variations in the electrophoretic migration patterns of the genome segments. Attempts to define the evolutionary relationships and origins of cypoviruses have been hampered by the lack of enough genetic information. This is mainly due to the fact that the various methods used in the past for sequencing dsRNA genomes are technically difficult, time consuming and require large amounts of viral RNA. Among CPVs, complete nucleotide sequences of genome dsRNA segments have already been reported for two type 1 CPVs from Bombyx mori (strains I and H ) and Lymantria dispar , respectively, a type 14 CPV from Lymantria dispar , and a type 15 CPV from Trichoplusia ni .