释四川方言的一些例外字

On Exceptional Words in Sichuan Dialect

语音演变有很强的规律性,但也有例外。本文就四川方言中的一些不符合四川方言语音演变规律的字音作出了解释。通过追寻中古音,探索某类音的演变过程和方向发现,有些例外字保存了古音,如“赴甫”的声母读音[p‘];有的反映了某种音变在词汇中的渐变特点,如见系开口二等字中还存有的舌根音;通过分析连读音变发现,有的是同化的结果,如“晌午”中的“晌”念[Sau(?)];有的是异化和类化的结果,如“眉”字在“蛾眉豆”中念[mi(?)(?)]有的透露出汉语历史上声调平分阴阳的音变信息,如“头”在“前头”和“锄头”中读为[tau(?)(?)]

The development of speech sounds always has its own regularity , but there are also some exceptions. This paper expounds the special speech sounds in Sichuan dialect which do not conform to the law of the development of Sichuan dialect phonetics. Searching the old sounds of Chinese characters, exploring the process and thedirection of the development of classical Chinese phonetics, the author hasdis-covered that some exceptional Chinese characters are still pronounced in the old way, e. g. the initial consonant of 'pu, pu' is [p ']; some mirror the features of the gradual change of Sichuan dialect pronunciation , e. g. velar still remains in Jianxi Kaikou Erdengzi; Some are the result of assimilation, e. g the pronunciation of 'sang' in 'saowu' is [sau]; Some are the result ofdissimilation and analogy, e. g. the pronunciation of 'mei' in 'omidou' is [mi]; and some reflect the trend of sound transformation in the tones of classical Chinese phonetics, that is, rising tone and high - and-level tone, e. g. the pronunciation of 'tou' in 'qiantou' and 'cudou' is [tau] .