《荀子》单音节形容词同义词的类别和多组同义词的意义关系

The Classification of Monosyllabic Adjective Synonyms in Xunzi and the Relationship in Meaning among Several Groups of Synonyms

从同义词所具有的共同义位的数量、共同义位的类型、一组同义词中的方言词情况这三个角度对《荀子》单音节同义形容词进行分类,可知大多数同义词都是在各自的引申义列上有“点”的重合关系,单音节词的词义相同,最主要是词义引申发展的结果。从对多组同义词的意义关系的探讨,我们看到,两组同义词的意义之间如果有相反关系、推演关系,这样的两组词的成员也比较容易构成双音节词。

According to the number and the type of common sememes, and the dialect in a group of synonyms, we can classify the monosyllabic adjective synonyms in Xunzi and come to know that the common sememe is mainly the superposition of spot in meaning which lies in the extensive meaning of most of synonyms. It is mainly the result of the extention and development in word' s meaning If there exists an oppositional and deductive relationship between two groups of synonyms in meaning, the members in such groups are liable to form disyblable words.