重庆市城市居民1991～2000年死亡损失生命年分析

Analysis of years of life lost on urban inhabitants in Chongqing during 1991～2000

目的：研究重庆市城市居民20世纪90年代疾病所致早死的生命损失。方法：用死亡损失生命年YLLs为测量单位，计算不同性别、不同社区的死因别标化YLLs率，及分析1991～2000年死因别标化YLLs率的变化趋势。结果：非传染性疾病标化YLLs率为42.58‰，占全死因的82.76%，其中，恶性肿瘤标化YLLs率为12.80‰，占30.06%，脑血管疾病标化YLLs率 6.62‰，占15.55%，呼吸系统疾病标化YLLs率5.77‰，占13.55%，心脏病标化YLLs率4.38‰，占10.29%；意外死亡标化YLLs率为7.59‰，占全死因的14.75%；传染病、妇科及围产期疾病标化YLLs率为1.28‰，仅占2.49%。在社区之间，死因别标化YLLs率存在明显差异。结核病和精神病标化YLLs率曾出现上升趋势。结论：非传染性疾病已成为该城市居民的主要疾病负担，结核病防治不能放松，精神卫生工作急待开展。

Objective: To study the years of life lost with premature death on urban inhabitants in Chongqing during the 1990s. Methods: Years of life lost (YLLs) were used as a measurement unit. Divided in different sexes and different communities in the population, standard years of life lost rate (SYLLsR) for all causes of death were calculated. The alteration tendencies of the SYLLsR for part causes of death from 1991 to 2000 were analysed. Results: The SYLLsR of noncommunicable diseases is 42.58‰, amounting to 82.76% of all causes of death. Among this category of diseases, the SYLLsR of malignant tumour is 12.80‰, constituting 30.06%; the SYLLsR of cerebrovascular diseases is 6.62‰, constituting 15.55%; the SYLLsR of respiratory system diseases is 5.77‰, constituting 13.55%; the SYLLsR of cardiac diseases is 4.38‰, constituting 10.29%. The SYLLsR of accidents is 7.59‰, 14.75% of all causes of death; the SYLLsR of communicable, maternal and perinatal diseases is 1.28‰, only making up 2.49%. In different communities, the SYLLsR is obviously different in different causes of death. The SYLLsR of tuberculosis and mental diseases had a rising tendency. Conclusion: Noncommunicable diseases are the major burden of diseases in the urban area. The prevention of tuberculosis cannot be ignored and measures to prevent mental diseases need to be taken promptly.