中小学生营养知识、态度、行为调查与分析

Nutrition knowledge, attitude and practice of students in elementary and middle school

利用 1998～ 2 0 0 0年在四川、山东、黑龙江和广东省开展的“膳食指南营养教育项目”的基线调查资料 ,对 15 2 4名中、小学生的营养知识、态度和行为三方面的情况进行综合分析。结果显示 ,他们均表现出乐于接受营养知识 ,注重自身营养状况的良好态度 ,但对基础营养知识的了解有待提高。在饮食行为方面 ,78 3%的学生在家吃早餐 ,早餐食物以粥、面包等非油炸谷类食物为主。每天喝奶的学生平均只有 31 4%。曾接触过膳食指南知识的中小学生近 2 0 % ,在知识水平和膳食行为上优于其它学生。

Based on the baseline data of the project “Nutrition Education on Dietary Guidelines' carried out in Sichuan, Shandong, Heilongjiang and Guangdong Provinces from 1998 to 2000, a sample population of 1524 students selected from 8 elementary and middle schools was studied. Descriptive and stratified analysis was applied to investigate the status of nutrition knowledge, attitude and behavior of those students. The results showed that the nutrition knowledge level in elementary and middle school students were low, but they were eager to know about nutrition and care about their nutritional status. About the eating practice, 78.3% students had their breakfast at home. Grain foods like porridge and bread were the main food at breakfast. Only 31.4% of the students drink milk everyday. It was found that the students with higher nutrition knowledge level had a positive impact on eating behavior. About 20% students who heard or read the Dietary Guideline before, earned higher nutrition knowledge score and had better eating behavior than the others.