海河流域水环境危机和适度恢复对策的探讨

Discussion on water environment crisis in Haihe River Basin and its moderate rehabilitation countermeasures

近20年来,由于河流洼淀萎缩和浅层地下水枯竭,海河流域越来越多地发生河流断流、水库无水可蓄等现象,水环境状况不断恶化。基于保证社会需求来进行水利工程的规划和建设,使我们在应付一轮又一轮水资源和水环境危机的循环中越来越被动。认识今天海河流域的水环境,既要关注本流域水利发展的历史,也需要对现代治水的经验和教训进行总结和反思。这是因为,环境的演变是一个逐步积累和逐渐显现的过程,它不仅与降水、气温、植被等外部自然条件有关系,同时又是和人类社会发展密切相关的。在分析经济社会可持续发展的水环境问题上,提出了水环境保护和适度恢复的哲学理念。

In recent twenty years, due to the loss of rivers and lowlands and exhaustion of shallow groundwater, drying-out of river and no water storage for reservoir took place more and more frequently in Haihe River Basin, and water environment has deteriorated continuously. The planning and construction of water projects, which are based on guaranteeing social demand, made us more and more passive in dealing with the cycles of water resources and water environment crisis. Understanding water environment in Haihe River Basin needs not only focus on the history of water resources development in this basin, but also summarize and rethink the experiences and lessons of modern water harnessing. This is because that, the evolvement of environment is the process of gradual accumulation and appearance, and it is not only connected with the external natural conditions of precipitation, temperature, vegetation, etc but also is closely related to anthropologically social development. Based on the analysis of economic and social sustainable development, the author puts forward to the philosophical concept of water environment protection and moderate rehabilitation on water environment problems.