高频地波超视距雷达述评

Review on high frequency ground wave over-the-horizon radar

高频(HF)地波超视距雷达(GW-OTHR)利用雷达波束绕地表面衍射作用,能探测视距外的舰船、低空飞机和巡航导弹,不仅覆盖面积大、费用低,能弥补常规微波雷达低空盲区和天波超视距雷达的近距盲区,也无需注意电离层的变化,且可反隐身、抗反辐射导弹(ARM),因而在许多国家的国民经济和国防领域中得到了广泛的应用。论述了地波沿海面传播的特性和探测能力,并对超视距雷达的发展和应用进行了介绍。

Making use of the diffraction of radar beam around the earth′s surface,the high frequency ground wave overthehorizon radar can detect targets such as vessel,lowflying aircraft and cruise missile at a overthehorizon distance.It has a large remote sensing area and low cost,can be used to compensate for the lowaltitude blind zone of the conventional microwave radar and the shortrange blind zone of the skywave OTH radar.It needn′t scouting the changes of ionosphere and has a ability of antistealth and antiARM,so is widely used in national economy and defence in many countries.The radar′s characteristic of the ground wave transmitting along sea surface and its detection capability is discussed,its development and applications are introduced too.