环境地质新课题:技术成因成岩作用研究

TECHNOGENIC LITHOGENESIS: A NEW AREA IN ENVIRONMENTAL GEOLOGY RESEARCH

技术成因成岩作用包括技术成因交代作用和技术成因沉积作用。前者主要是被污染地下水中阴离子替代组成含水层介质骨架的矿物晶格中阴离子,生成新的矿物相的过程。后者是指从被污染地下水中沉淀析出石膏、方解石、萤石以及某些重金属元素的氢氧化物、氧化物、酸式盐和碱式盐的过程。本文探讨了这两种作用发生的物理化学条件,有关实例和研究意义。

There are two kinds of technogenic lithogenesis: technogenic metasomatism and technogenic sedimentation. The metasomatic process is mostly the substitution of anions in the crystal lattice of minerals making up the matrix of aquifers by anions from polluted groundwater to form new mineral facies. The technogenic sedimentation refers to the precipitation of gypsum, calcite, fluorite, as well as hydroxides, oxides and salts of some heavy metallic elements from polluted groundwater. The physicochemical conditions, some case histories and the significance of these two technogenic lithogenetic processes are discussed in this paper.