劳动、交往、分工:马克思对历史演进机制的分析

Labor, Communication, Labor Division: Marxist Analysis on the Historical Development System

本文认为,马克思是从人的本质及其存在方式出发去理解历史的。因此,只有回到人本身,通过对人类劳动、交往及其基本前提的分析,才能真正揭示人类历史演进的机制。劳动和交往作为人的本质的存在方式,二者相互作用,共同推动了人类社会的发展。分工作为人类自然差别在其活动中的表现,一直伴随着人类发展的历史。劳动、交往和分工三者作为人的活动及其表现形式,统一于人类发展进程之中。正是由于分工导致的异化和私有制,才使人类社会的发展表现为一个辩证否定的过程。共产主义则是对分工导致的异化的积极的扬弃,是在消灭私有财产的基础上人的劳动和交往的真正的统一。

Marx comprehended the history from the person's nature and existence. Therefore the mechanism of the human history evolution can be illuminated only through returning to the human itself, analyzing mankind labor, communication and its basic premise. The interaction of labor and communication pushed development of mankind society. The labor division always accompanies with mankind development. Labor, communication and labor division unify in the human development. Alienation and privately-owned system rooted in labor division make development of human society a dialectical negative process. The communism will positively sublate alienation and is a real unification of human labor and communication on the foundation of exterminating the private possession.