中国八省成人膳食结构变化趋势分析——中国八省实例研究

THE CHANGING TREND OF DIETARY PATTERN OF CHINESE POPULATION——AN EIGHT PROVINCES CASE STUDY IN CHINA

目的 : 探讨 1 991～ 1 997年中国成人膳食结构的变化趋势。方法 : 利用“中国居民健康与营养调查”的资料 ,选取 1 991、1 993和 1 997年调查中 1 8～ 6 5岁健康成人作为研究对象 ,以能量、蛋白质、视黄醇等营养素的摄入量占推荐摄入量 (RNI)的百分比及谷类食物、动物性食物提供的能量和蛋白质在摄入的总能量和蛋白质中所占的比例作为营养素摄入和膳食状况评价的指标 ,分析中国成人膳食结构的变化趋势。以 SAS软件对数据库资料进行统计分析。结果及结论 : 1 991～ 1 997年在城市、郊区和县城 ,成人动物性食物 ,特别是畜肉类和蛋类食物的消费量显著提高 ,植物性食物的消费量下降。农村居民的膳食构成无显著变化 ,总体膳食质量仍然较差 ,成人膳食消费的城乡差异在加大。各社区成人能量和蛋白质的摄入基本满足需要 ,脂肪供热比显著提高 ,豆类食物的摄入量变化不大 。

Objective: To investigate the changing trend of dietary pattern of Chinese population during 1991～1997. Methods: The study is based on data collected in 1991,1993, and 1997 in China Health and Nutrition Survey, which is in collaboration with University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The sample was 18～65 years old health man and woman. Results and Conclusion: The results showed that the daily consumption of plant food, especially cereals and tubers was declining while the consumption of animal food, especially meat and egg, was increasing in urban, suburb and town. The dietary pattern of rural people was not changed. So the difference of dietary pattern between urban and rural was increasing. The consumption of legumes, milk and their products remained at low level. The proportion of energy from fat was increasing.