一氧化氮的生理化学与炎症

Physiological Chemistry of Nitric Oxide and Inflammation

目前,关于一氧化氮(NO)在炎症中的作用说法不一,甚至矛盾。有的认为NO具有强烈的抗炎症作用,而有的却认为NO可促进炎症引起的细胞和组织功能障碍。阐明NO的生理化学(physi-ologicalchemistry)将有利于弄清和区别NO各种生物学效应的机制。NO的生理化学包括直接和间接的二种反应。直接反应是NO与一个生物分子或有关靶的直接作用,它在NO呈低速率产生时发生,起着正常生理条件下的调节性和抗炎症效应。间接反应是由NO形成的中间调节物,如NO和氧或超氧起反应衍生的活性氧化氮引起的反应,它在NO产生加快时发生,起促炎症效应。

So far there are many argumen ts about the effect of nitric oxide(NO)in inflammation,some of which even con tradict each other.Some of the reports have demonstrated that NO possesses pot ent anti-inflammatory properties,whereas other studies suggest that NO may pr omote inflammation-induced cell and tissue dysfunction.Clarifying the physiolo gical chemistry of NO will be helpful to make clear and distinguish the regulat ory /anti -inflammatory properties of NO from its deleterious /pro-inflammat ory effects.The reactions of physiological chemistry of NO may be categorized i nto direct and indirect reactions.Direct reactions in which NO interacts direct ly with a biological molecule or target are thought to occur under normal phys iological conditions when rates of NO production are low.These reactions may se rve regulatory and/or anti-inflammatory function.Indirect reactions are that mediated by NO-derived intermediates such as reactive nitrogen oxide species de rived torn the reaction of NO with oxygen or superoxide and are produced when fl uxes of NO are enhanced.These reactions may predominate during times of active inflammation.