湖南省麻疹监测及其控制策略评价

Evaluation on Surveillance and Control Strategy of Measles in Hunan Province.

目的 通过流行病学现场调查及传染病监测报告进一步对麻疹的流行病学特征、流行因素、免疫覆盖状况进行分析 ,评价。 方法 采用描述流行病学的方法 ,运用 EXCEL软件进行流行病学分析、评价。 结果 湖南麻疹疫情呈现湘东低、湘西高的流行趋势 ,其模式为散发与暴发共存 ;各地发病强度存在较大差别 ,反映了计划免疫工作进展不平衡 ;且 85 %的病例分布在散居儿童及小学生中 ;麻疹专报系统对麻疹病例的反应性尚欠敏感。 结论 EPI的实施有效地控制了麻疹的发病 ,但麻疹监测仍存在较多薄弱环节 。

Objective Through the epidemiologic survey, epidemiologic characteristics, epidemic factors and immunity coverage of measles are analysed and evaluated. Methods The data of epidemiologic investigation and surveillance reports of infectious diseases in Hunan were analyzed by using excel software. Results The epidemic pattern of measles showed that the epidemic status was lower in Eastern Hunan and higher in Western part. The model was co-existence of sporadic and outbreak of measles. The morbidity rate varied greatly in various areas, 85% of measles cases were in the students of primary schools and children. The specific measles report system did not work well. Conclusion The implement of EPI had efficiently controlled the epidemic of measles. It is necessary to improve surveillance system for measles control in Hunan.