黑龙江省中俄边境地区流动妇女艾滋病干预研究

A Study on HIV/AIDS Intervention among Migrant Women in the Boundary Areas between China and Russia in HeiLongjiang Province

目的 为了解黑龙江省中俄边境地区流动妇女对性病、艾滋病认知和感染的危险情况 ,并对该人群开展有针对性的干预工作 ,以预防性病、艾滋病的发生与蔓延。 方法 对黑龙江省中俄边境地区的哈尔滨、绥化、牡丹江、大庆、黑河市的服务场所 ,包括洗浴中心、宾馆、饭店、娱乐场所等的女服务人员 393人做了调查 ,并进行了艾滋病、性病知识的宣传教育干预 ,并通过问卷调查了解干预效果。 结果 多数被调查者对艾滋病、性病虽有一定的了解 ,但不全面。如果不对这些人群及时进行预防性病、艾滋病的健康教育 ,个人不仅不知道如何防护 ,同时会继续传播性病、艾滋病 ,成为性病、艾滋病蔓延的主要源泉。经过干预 ,不仅普遍提高了这些人群对性病、艾滋病危害的认识 ,并使她们学习懂得如何进行自我保护 ,不受这些疾病的侵害 ,也不成为主要传播者 ,增强了她们的防护意识和预防能力。 结论 提示今后如能针对流动人口进行全面的干预、教育工作 ,将对控制性病。

Objective To investigate the situation of HIV/AIDS epidemic in Chinese and Russian women, and to provide relevant interventions to prevent spread of HIV/AIDS/STDs among this group Methods Surveys were conducted among the Russian and Chinese women who undertook the service work in bath centers,hotels,restaurants and entertainment sites in Harbin,Suihua,Mudanjiang,Daqing and Heihe Health education on AIDS/STD was directed to these women,and interventions were taken accordingly The outcomes of the survey and interventions were understood from questionnaires Results The results showed that most subjects hade some knowledge about AIDS,but not completely Health education for AIDS/STDs prevention should be timely undertaken among this group,otherwise individuals not only failed to know how to protect themselves against AIDS/STDs,but also might become the main source of AIDS/STD spread in our province After interventions,their understanding about the risk of AIDS/STD was enhanced greatly,and their self-protection awareness and preventive ability were strengthened,thus preventing them to be infected and to be the main spreader Conclusion The findings suggest that comprehensive work for prevention and education among migrant population will play a significant role in controlling the prevalence and transmission of AIDS in Heilongjiang Province