水稻超高产的决定因素

Determination factor for super-high yield of rice

在云南省涛源乡和福建省龙海市追踪观察了一批我国新近育成的水稻超高产品种。分析结果表明,①产量与单个构成因素一般无显著相关,与穗数、每穗粒数、粒重三者乘积——库容量呈极显著正相关。超高产水稻因品种类型不同表现出多样性的产量构成,但都具有库容量大的共同特点。②产量与收获指数无显著相关,与生物产量呈极显著正相关。超高产水稻的生物产量积累优势在中、后期,中、后期具有较高的群体生长率,是生物产量高的主要原因。说明库容量大和生物产量高是超高产的决定因素。

Super-high yielding rice cultivars which were newly bred in China were exemined respectively in Taoyuan of Yunnan and Longhai of Fujian. The results indicated the yield was not correlated with single yield component factor, it was very significantly positive correlation with the sink size (panicle number X grain number per panicle X grain weight). Super-high yielding ricecultivars appeared diversity of yield components due to cultivar type's; However, their same characteristic was larger sink size. The yield was not significantly correlated with harvest index, very significantly correlated with biomass. Super-high yielding rice had accumulative superiority of biomass and higher colong growth rate (CGR) at the middle and late growth stages. These results showed larger sink size and higher biomass were the determinants for super-high yield of rice.