神经干细胞移植治疗大鼠脊髓损伤

Study on transplantation of cultured embryonic neural stem cells for rat spinal cord complete transection models

目的:探讨神经干细胞移植治疗脊髓损伤的新方法,为治疗脊髓功能障碍性疾病打下基础。方法:制作脊髓横断大鼠模型,造成大鼠下肢瘫痪,分别在损伤急性期和损伤3周后移植胎鼠脑组织神经干细胞,观察移植后的动物行为变化、脊髓神经电生理变化和脊髓组织形态学变化。结果:细胞移植后第8 d即可见瘫痪大鼠的后肢肌力开始恢复,2～3周后可出现爬行,4周后后肢活动活跃;对照组瘫痪的肢体无任何恢复。脊髓诱发电位部分出现,动作电位波幅较高;对照组未出现诱发电位,且动作电位波幅明显减低。脊髓移植区肉眼可见有增生的组织充填,镜下有大量新生的细胞,表现为神经元和神经胶质细胞阳性染色。结论:神经干细胞移植可使脊髓横断大鼠运动功能恢复,有望成为治疗脊髓损伤的有效手段。

Aim: To detect the ability of neural stem cells derived from the embryonic rat brains to differentiate into myelin-forming cells and repair the adult spinal cord lesion. Methods:The spinal cord complete transaction rat models were prepared for this research. After neural stem cells were transplanted into the transected spinal cord,the effects were evaluated with histological examination and restoration of function in the lesion area. Results: Eight days after the NSCs transplantation, the paralysed quarters began to move and could crawl after 2 or 3 weeks. Four weeks after the transplantation, the quarters had active movements, while the paralysed quarters in control group had no sign of recovery. A large number of GFAP-positive cells and NSE-positive cells and a few number of nestin-positive cells occupied the lesion,some of cells differentiated and extended into the surrounding spinal cord tissue. These rats restored the function of movement. Conclusion: The results suggest that neural stem cell transplantation could offer an effective treatment to promote nerve regeneration in the injured spinal cord.