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英国“非殖民化”进程是战后殖民体系瓦解的历史必然 被引量:2

British Decolonization from 1958 to 1968:A Review of Its Process and Motivations
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摘要 1958-1968年英国“非殖民化”经历了从回归、重建到收缩再到无奈的撤离、回归欧洲的曲折过程。英国力量的衰落和殖民地国家的独立解放斗争、以联合国为代表的国际社会对于殖民主义的压力、两极对立的国际形势对于英国殖民体系的战略冲击以及科技革命的影响等是这一过程产生的主要原因。它的性质是英国在国力衰落之下对殖民地所做的一次调整,是在当时的历史条件下为了挽救垂死的大英殖民帝国所做的挣扎。 From 1958to 1968,British decoloni zation underwent some twists and tur ns,from returning and rebuilding of its colonies and shrinkage and rejuvenation of its colonies to withdrawa l from its colonies and return to Euro pe.The decolo-nization was mainly brought about by the decline of British Empire and the claim for independence of the coloni es,the pressure of international community with the UN at its core,the strategic demand for the British colonies dur ing the Cold War and the influence of scientific revolution.The evolvement of decoloniz ation was,by nature,an adjustment o f its colonial policy after its power had waned and a struggle to save the dying British Em pire.
作者 贾健
机构地区 外交学院
出处 《外交学院学报》 CSSCI 北大核心 2002年第4期43-49,共7页 Journal of Foreign Affairs College
关键词 英国 "非殖民化"进程 英联邦 英帝国 外交史 Britain Decolonization Common We alth British Empire
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  • 1H. Macmillan, Pointing the Way, 1959 - 1961, London, 1972.
  • 2A. Sked and C. Cook, Post - War Britain: A Political History, Penguin Books Ltd, 1980, p. 33, p. 119.
  • 3H. Dalton, High Tide and After: Memoirs, 1945-60, London, 1962, p. 105.
  • 4J. kent,“Bevin' s Imperialism and the Idea of Ero - Africa, 1945 - 9”in British Foreign Policy: 1945 - 96, M.Dockrill and J. W. Young (ed.)London, 1989, pp. 46-76.
  • 5Defense: Outline of Future Policy, p. 4.
  • 6Comment, Chiefs of Staff, on a report by the Africa Official Committee , annex to Chiefs of Staff (59) 162,Defence Ministry Records 5/92.
  • 7Chiefs of Staff, 41st mtg.,min. 1, 1 July 1959, Defence Ministry Records 4/119.
  • 8Commonwealth relations office,“The Next Years in Africa”, 9 Jan. 1959, AF, Cabinet Official Records 134/1353.
  • 9K. Kyle,“The Politics of the Independence of Kenya,”in Contemporary British History,Ⅺ, 1997, pp 44 -45.
  • 10H. Macmillan, Pointing the Way, 1959 - 1961, London, 1972, P. 12.

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