白居易新乐府诗面面观

Bai Juyi,the Tang Poet and His New Yuefu Poetry

为了贯彻“新乐府”诗歌“为时”、“为事”的创作原则,白居易提出了“美刺兴比”的创作主张。但因为写诗的目的仅仅是为了“讽谏”,他必然过多强调“愿得天子知”、“时得至尊闻”的一面,把全部希望寄托在“帝心恻隐知人弊”上,渴望用“白麻纸上书德音,京畿尽放今年税”的模式,来解救天下人的苦难。这种对最高统治者的依赖,暴露出诗人思想上的局限性。他的讽喻诗“意激而言质”,违反儒家温柔敦厚的传统美学观,乃是有意为之,是追求、创造一种更富有战斗精神的新诗体,以再现客观生活本身为根本目的。

Bai Juyi,one of the famous Tang Dynasty poets,was for the idea of composin g New Yuefu poems with current affairs and the times in mind;to achi eve this end,he advocated the use of eulogies,satires,preludes and meta phors in poetic composition.However,as his purpose of writing poetry was to'admonish by satirizingonly,it follows that Bai expected th at the Son of Heaven would hear of his thoughts and the problems and evils of th e day,and the benevolent Emperor wou ld take proper measures towards alleviatin g the burdens of the populace and deliver them from their miseries.The fact that Bai placed his hopes on the supreme ruler of the c ountry alone shows the poet' s ideological limit.Bai' s satirical poems,couched in plain words,yet radical in intentio n,ran counter to the Confucius' aesthetic tradition of moderateness.Bai Juyi did this purposefully,for it was his goal of c reating a new poetic genre,which is militant and refreshing.