1997～2001年不动杆菌属临床分离株分布特点和耐药性分析

Study on Antimicrobial Resistance of Acinetobacter spp. in 1997-2001

目的探讨临床分离的不动杆菌属细菌在患者、季节性分布特点和耐药性现状。方法:1.菌种鉴定采用常规方法或用API试条和VITEK自动细菌分析仪;2.用WHONET5软件对不动杆菌菌种分布和药敏试验结果（Kirby-Baner纸片扩散法）进行了统计分析。结果:1.临床分离的不动杆菌属细菌的标本来源主要以痰标本为主（74％）;鲍曼不动杆菌是最常见的菌种,检出数列临床常见细菌第八位;鲍曼不动杆菌的流行呈季节性分布,在潮热的夏季检出量大,在60岁以上老年人中的检出数占其总检出数的40.1％;2,鲍曼不动杆菌耐药谱分析结果表明,在二重耐药谱中以耐头孢他啶和哌拉西林多见（CP、4％）;三重耐药谱中主要为耐头孢他啶、环丙沙星和哌拉西林为主（CRP、10％）;四重耐药谱中以耐阿米卡星、头孢他啶、环丙沙星和哌拉西林为主（ACRP、15％）。结论:对临床分离的鲍曼不动杆菌应加强季节性和易感人群的耐药性监测,密切注意多重耐药株的出现。

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the antimicrobial resistance of clinical isolates of Acinetobacter spp. during a 5-year period of 1997-2001 in China. METHODS: The strains of Acinetobacter spp. were identified by the routine methods. Disc diffusion test (Kirby-Bauer method) was used to study the antimicrobial susceptibility. The data was analyzed by WHONET5 sofeware. RESULTS: The isolate rate of Acinetobacter baumannii among all clinical bacterial isolates was 4%. Acinetobacter baumannii was the most common strain in Acinetobacter spp., and was prevalent in the warmer and humid months of the year, It was commonly isolated from the old patients' and the aspiratory tract's specimens. Resistance profiles of Acinetobacter baumanni to amikacin(A), ceftazidime(C), ciprofloxacin (R), impenem(I), pipracillin(P) were analy sised. The major multidrug-resistant profiles were CR P(10%), ACR P(15%). CONCLUSIONS: It is important to surveillance antimicrobial susceptibility and multidrug resistant profiles of Acinetobacter spp..