三级综合医院69株沙门菌分布特征及耐药性分析

Drug resistance and distribution characteristics of Salmonella in a tertiary general hospital

目的了解新疆某三级综合医院沙门菌流行特点、菌型分布及抗菌药物耐药情况,为制定预防措施和指导临床合理用药提供依据。方法收集2011-2013年新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院分离鉴定69株沙门菌血清分型结果,对其患者相关信息进行汇总分析。结果沙门菌感染多发生于夏秋季,儿童为易感人群,维吾尔族感染患者人数占56.52%,较汉族(占43.48%)多,差异无统计学意义(χ~2=0.977,P=0.323)。本次调查中伤寒沙门菌(占50.72%)和猪霍乱沙门菌(占23.64%)为感染的主要菌型。沙门菌对氯霉素、亚胺培南、丁胺卡那、甲硝唑、红霉素较敏感,而对氨苄西林、左氧氟沙星耐药率高,分别达46.38%、39.13%。结论临床应提高季节性沙门菌感染的病例监测,掌握沙门菌的细菌耐药变化特点,便于合理使用抗菌药物,减少耐药菌株的产生。

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resistance situation of Salmonella in a tertiary general hospital in Xinjiang, and to lay a basis for the development of preventive measures and clinical rational drug use. Methods The serotype results of 69 strains of Salmonella were collected in our hospital from 2011 to 2013, and the patient-related information were analyzed. Results Salmonella infection commonly occurred in summer and autumn, and often in children. The number of Uygur patients(accounting for56.52%) was more than that of Han patients(43.48%), but the difference was not statistically significant( χ2=0.977, P=0.323). Salmonella typhi(50.72%) and Salmonella choleraesuis(23.64%) were the main types of strains detected. Sensitivity test showed that Salmonella was sensitive to chloramphenicol, imipenem, amikacin, metronidazole and erythromycin,but resistant to ampicillin, levofloxacin, with the resistance rates up to 46.38%, 39.13%, respectively. Conclusion We should strengthen the seasonal monitoring of Salmonella infection, and analyze the resistance features of Salmonella, in order to use antibiotics reasonably and reduce resistance.