结合需要层次理论的护理干预在高血压脑出血患者中的应用价值

Value of nursing intervention based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage

目的分析结合需要层次理论的护理干预在高血压脑出血患者中的应用价值。方法将2011年12月至2014年12月在四川大学华西医院神经内科接受治疗的高血压脑出血患者118例纳入研究,按照随机数表法分为观察组和对照组,每组各59例。入院后对照组患者接受脑出血患者常规护理,观察组患者接受基于需要层次理论的护理干预,比较两组患者的恢复相关指标、神经功能及日常生活能力、心理状态及生存质量评分等差异。结果 1观察组患者接受护理干预后的基础护理质量评分为(96.17±3.28)分,高于对照组的(78.55±5.82)分,患者意识恢复时间、肢体功能恢复时间、总住院时间分别为(5.62±0.92)d、(8.72±2.83)d、(13.27±3.78)d,均短于对照组的(9.81±2.16)d、(14.68±3.07)d、(25.16±5.73)d,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);2观察组患者接受护理干预后的美国国立卫生院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分和Barthel指数(BI)分别为(59.72±7.11)分、(63.29±7.93)分,均高于对照组的(42.38±5.67)分、(41.26±5.45)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);3)观察组患者接受护理干预后的焦虑自评表(SAS)评分和汉密顿抑郁量表(HAMD)评分分别为(17.39±3.11)分、(19.53±3.26)分,均低于对照组的(28.54±4.57)分、(31.42±4.78)分,生存质量量表(SF-36)评分为(83.11±9.63)分,高于对照组的(60.93±7.64)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论结合需要层次理论的护理干预可以促进高血压脑出血患者的康复,优化患者神经功能及心理状态,最终提升生活能力及生存质量,具有积极的临床意义。

Objective To analyze the value of nursing intervention based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs in patients with hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage. Methods A total of 118 patients of hypertensive cerebral hemorrhage treated in West China Hospital, Sichuan University from December 2011 to December 2014 were chosen as study subjects,which were divided into observation group and control group according to random number table, each with 59 patients. After admission, the patients in the control group received routine nursing care, while those in the observation group received nursing intervention based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs. The recovery-related indicators, nerve function and activities of daily living, mental status and quality of life were compared between the two groups. Results(1) The score of basic nursing care quality in the observation group was(96.17 ± 3.28), significantly higher than(78.55 ± 5.82) in the control group. The time for consciousness recovery, limb function recovery, hospital stay in the observation group were shorter than those in the control group [(5.62 ± 0.92) d vs(9.81 ± 2.16) d,(8.72 ± 2.83) d vs(14.68 ± 3.07) d,(13.27 ± 3.78) d vs(25.16±5.73) d], with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).(2) After nursing treatment, the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS) score, Barthel Index(BI) score in the observation group were higher than those in the control group [(59.72 ± 7.11) vs(42.38 ± 5.67),(63.29 ± 7.93) vs(41.26 ± 5.45)], with statistically significant difference(P<0.05).(3) After nursing treatment, the Self-Rating Anxiety Scale(SAS) score, Hamilton Depression Scale(HAMD)score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group [(17.39 ± 3.11) vs(28.54 ± 4.57),(19.53 ± 3.26) vs(31.42 ± 4.78)], and the Short Form 36 health survey questionnaire(SF-36) score in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [(83.11±9.63) vs(60.93±7.64)]. The differences were all statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion Nursing intervention based on Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs can contribute to the rehabilitation of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage, optimize neurological and psychological state, and ultimately enhance the viability and quality of life, which has positive significance.