普洱市居民土源性线虫感染现状调查分析

Investigation and analysis on prevalence of geohelminthes infections in Puer City, Yunnan Province, CHINA

目的了解普洱市居民重要肠道寄生虫感染情况,为科学防治提供依据。方法用改良加藤法、肛周透明胶纸拭擦法对居民进行粪便检查以了解土源线性虫感染情况。采用问卷调查并分析居民健康知识知晓情况、卫生行为和卫生习惯与肠道寄生虫感染的关系。结果检测5 070人,感染土源线性虫985人,总感染率为19.4%,各调查县(区)总感染率为7.7%~28.8%。其中感染钩虫874人,感染率为17.2%;感染蛔虫93人,感染率为1.8%;感染鞭虫52人,感染率为1.0%;感染蛲虫4人,感染率为0.4%,混合感染少见。结论普洱市居民土源线性虫感染率低于全省2004年寄生虫现状调查时的水平,但拉祜族钩虫感染率高于全国重要寄生虫病流行现状调查时的水平。感染度均为轻度感染,人群普遍易感。应当对普洱市重点地区和重点人群采取药物驱虫为主,推广建设和使用无害化厕所,加强农村安全饮用水改造,改善居住条件等综合防治措施,降低土源线性虫感染率。

Objective In order to understand the prevalence of important intestinal parasitic infections among residents of Puer City, and support evidence for scientific treatment and prevention. Methods Prevalence of geohelminthes was performed by modified Kato-Katz thick smears and adhesive tape wiping. Correlation between residents’ awareness of healthy knowledge, behaviors and habits was investigated and analyzed by questionnaires. Results A total of 5 070 residents were enrolled, and 985 were infected with geohelminthes, with the overall prevalence of 19.4% and the prevalence in the areas investigated of 7.7%~28.8%. Moreover, 874(17.2%), 93(1.8%), 52(1.0%), and 4(0.4%) residents were infected with hookworm, A. lumbricoides, T. trichiura, and pinworm, respectively. Multiple infections were rare. Conclusion The overall prevalence of geohelminthes infections among residents of Puer City was lower than Yunnan Provincial level in parasitic baseline survey in 2004. However, prevalence of hookworm infections in Lahu ethnic minority was higher than the level of national parasitic baseline survey in 2004. Intensities of geohelminthes infections were relatively low. People were susceptible for geohelminthes infections. The results suggested that drugs as leading control combined multiple control strategies should be carried out to decrease infection rate of geohelminthes. These multi-strategies included construction of sanitary latrines, reforming safe water infrastruction and improving housing conditions in rural areas.