安岳县农村50岁以上中老年人糖尿病患病率及影响因素分析

Analysis of influencing factors and prevalence rate of middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients over 50 years old in rural areas of Anyue county

目的了解安岳县农村50岁以上人群糖尿病的患病情况并分析其危险因素。方法采用普查法对2014年1~12月安岳县农村50岁以上的447 390名中老年人群进行问卷调查及体检,调查内容包括家族中2型糖尿病患病情况、肥胖、个人生活习惯及特殊嗜好(包括劳动量、饮食习惯、吸烟、饮酒情况等)、有无合并症等生活史及遗传史,并现场抽取血液进行血糖检测。分析统计各年龄段人群糖尿病患病率及与生活习惯的相关性。结果调查显示,我县农村50岁以上人群糖尿病患病率为4.49%(20 088名),男性总体患病率为3.32%(7 733/233 254),女性为5.77%(12 355/214 136),男性高于女性,且随人群年龄的增加,男女患病率均明显增高;2型糖尿病的发生与年龄、肥胖、饮酒、饮食、家族史及合并症等明显相关(P<0.05)。结论安岳县50岁以上人群2型糖尿病整体患病率低于全国平均水平,该地区2型糖尿病的患病危险因素主要为肥胖、饮酒等不良生活习惯及家族遗传史。

Objective To evaluate the prevalence and risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus in patients over50 years old in rural area of Anyue county. Methods Questionnaire survey and physical examination were carried out in 447 390 middle-aged and elderly people over 50 years old from Jan. to Dec. 2014 in the rural area of Anyue county by the census method. Survey content included incidence of type 2 diabetes in family, obesity, personal habits and special hobby(including the amount of labor, dietary habits, smoking, drinking), as well as complications, and blood samples were extracted for glucose detection. Relationship between prevalence rate and living habits in people of different ages was analyzed. Results The investigation showed that overall prevalence rate of diabetes mellitus in people over 50 years old was 4.49%(20 088) in the rural area of Anyue county, with the overall prevalence rate of males significantly higher than females [3.32%(7 733/233 254) vs 5.77%(12 355/214 136)], and the prevalence of males and females was significantly increased with the increasing age. The occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus was significantly associated with age, obesity, drinking, diet, family history, and complications(P<0.05). Conclusion In Anyue County, the overall prevalence rate of type 2 diabetes mellitus in people over 50 years old is lower than the national average level, and the risk factors of type 2 diabetes mellitus mainly include obesity, drinking and other bad habits, and family genetic history.