社交技能训练干预对精神分裂症患者精神症状和社会功能的影响

Influence of social skills training intervention on psychiatric symptom and social function for patients with schizophrenia

目的分析社交技能训练干预对精神分裂症患者精神症状和社会功能的影响。方法选取2013年7月至2015年12月我院精神科收治的78例精神分裂症患者,按随机数表法分为接受常规干预的对照组和接受社交技能训练干预的观察组,每组各39例,均干预10周。比较两组患者干预前后的精神分裂症精神症状、社会功能及生活质量。结果两组患者干预前精神症状及社会功能等评分值比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05);观察组患者经社交技能训练干预后,阳性症状(7.34±0.94)分、阴性症状(12.38±1.74)分、一般精神病理(20.36±2.91)分、总分值(42.21±5.48)分,均相应低于对照组的(11.18±1.74)分、(17.62±2.13)分、(29.71±3.42)分、(58.53±6.49)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);社会功能评分中,日常生活能力(3.12±0.42)分、动性和交往情况(3.24±0.38)分、社会性活动技能(3.11±0.29)分,均相应高于对照组的(2.37±0.31)分、(2.61±0.31)分、(2.22±0.28)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);生活质量评分中,躯体生理(25.48±3.12)分、心理功能(31.28±4.45)分、社会功能(40.37±5.38)分、物质生活(40.36±2.91)分,均相应高于对照组的(20.17±2.49)分、(24.33±3.29)分、(32.48±4.12)分、(9.71±3.42)分,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论社交技能训练干预可减轻精神分裂症患者的精神症状,在优化患者社会功能及生活质量方面均有积极作用。

Objective To analyze the influence of social skills training intervention on psychiatric symptom and social function for patients with schizophrenia. Methods Seventy-eight patients with schizophrenia in our hospital from July 2013 to December 2015 were selected, which were randomly divided into control group(n=39, received conventional intervention) and observation group(n=39, received social skills training intervention) according to random number table. The patients were all treated for 10 weeks. The mental symptom, social function and quality of life after intervention were compared between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in scores of psychiatric symptoms and social function between the two groups before intervention(P>0.05). After intervention, the scores of positive symptoms, negative symptoms, general psychopathology, total score in observation group were significantly lower than those in control group,(7.34±0.94) vs(11.18±1.74),(12.38±1.74) vs(17.62±2.13),(20.36±2.91) vs(29.71±3.42),(42.21±5.48) vs(58.53±6.49), P<0.05. The score of social function, ability of daily life, dynamic and communicative situation, social activity skills in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group,(3.12 ± 0.42) vs(2.37±0.31),(3.24±0.38) vs(2.61±0.31),(3.11±0.29) vs(2.22±0.28), P<0.05. The score of quality of life, somatic physiological, mental function, social function, material life in observation group were significantly higher than those in control group,(25.48 ± 3.12) vs(20.17 ± 2.49),(31.28 ± 4.45) vs(24.33 ± 3.29),(40.37 ± 5.38) vs(32.48 ± 4.12),(40.36 ± 2.91) vs(29.71±3.42), P<0.05. Conclusion Social skills training intervention can reduce psychiatric symptoms in patients with schizophrenia, which has a positive role in optimizing social function and quality of life.