石家庄市气态污染物垂直分布特征研究

Study on vertical distribution characteristics of gaseous pollutants in Shijiazhuang City

利用石家庄市电视塔垂直4层观测平台(高度分别为20,86,116,200m),对各层大气中的O3,CO,SO2,NO,NO2浓度进行了连续观测,分析了2012-01-01至2012-08-01气态污染物在垂直梯度上总体变化趋势、逐月变化趋势,以及采暖期和非采暖期不同梯度气态污染物浓度逐时变化趋势。结果表明:石家庄市的大气污染物浓度具有明显的季节变化特征,CO,SO2,NO,NO2浓度冬季最高,夏季最低,而O3浓度则是夏季较高,冬季较低;除CO外,其他4种污染物在采暖期和非采暖期都表现出了不同的日变化趋势,在早晨上班高峰期7:00—9:00,SO2,NO,NO2的污染最重,15:00—17:00的污染最轻,次高峰出现在晚上21:00—24:00,而受太阳辐射影响,O3一天中的峰值出现在16:00左右。1月—4月,除O3外,其他4种污染物基本呈现低层级处污染物浓度高,高层级处污染物浓度较低;5月—7月SO2,NO,NO2的垂直梯度浓度变化不明显,均处于较低水平,O3浓度在垂直梯度呈现明显差异。

In this study,vertical distributions of O3 ,CO,SO2 ,NO,NO2 are observed continuously at four vertical platforms (20,86,1 1 6 and 200 m)on the Shijiazhuang TV tower.This paper analyzes the entire variation trend and the monthly varia-tion trend of gaseous pollutants in vertical gradient,and hourly variation trend during heating period and non-heating period in different gradient layers from 1,Jan,2012 to 1,Aug,2012.The results show that seasonal variation of air pollutants is signif-icant.The concentrations of CO,SO2 ,NO and NO2 are the greatest in winter and the smallest in summer;while the concen-tration of O3 is on the opposite;except for CO,the other four pollutants show different day change trend during heating and non-heating period.The highest concentrations of SO2 ,NO,NO2 appear at 7:00-9:00,while the lowest concentrations appear at 1 5:00-1 7:00.The second highest peak appears at 21:00-24:00.Caused by solar radiation,peak value of O3 con-centration appears at about 1 6:00.From January to April,higher concentration of CO,SO2 ,NO,NO2 appear at lower gradient layers,and lower concentration at higher gradient layers.From May to July,no significant changes are found in the concentra-tions of SO2 ,NO,NO2 ,which remain at low level on different vertical gradient layers.The concentration of O3 shows signifi- <br> cant differences in vertical gradient.