美国2014年农业法案对中国农业补贴政策的启示

Implications of Agriculture Bill of the United States in 2014 on the Policy of Agricultural Subsidy in China

农业作为一国重要的基础产业,因其本身具有的弱质性受到各国基于本国利益的政策保护。其中,农业补贴是政府补贴的重点。我国作为农业大国,在加入世界贸易组织之后,国内的农业补贴政策必须符合国际规则。而美国已经将农业补贴以法律的形式固定下来并逐步发展,形成一套完整的农业补贴法律制度,并根据世界局势及本国国情的变动而修订。本文从美国2014年通过的农业法案进行研究,针对美国在该农业法案中废除直接补贴,增加新的"绿箱"政策,总结出对我国当前农业补贴政策的可资借鉴的经验。

Agriculture,as an important basic industry of a country,its inherent inferiority was protected by policies based on national interests.Among them,the agricultural subsidies is the focus of government subsidies.As being a large agricultural country,the domestic agricultural subsidies of China must comply with international rules after joining in the WTO.The United States has fixed agricultural subsidies in the form of legislation and got the progressive development to form a complete legal sys-tem of agricultural subsidies,and been modified according to the changes in the world situation and their national conditions. This passage makes investigation on the agriculture bill of the United States in 2014 and sums up the learning experience in terms of current agricultural subsidy policies on China according to the the abolition of direct subsidies in the US farm bill and add a new"green box"policy.