中国农村贫困识别指标体系构建及应用——基于剥夺和需求的视角

Construction and Application of Rural Poverty Identification Index System in China

2000年以来,我国在解决农村贫困问题上已经取得了重大成效,但是农村致贫因素以及贫困表现形式都发生重大变化,对农村贫困的识别已经从静态收入需求单维向动态多维转变。运用Alkire和Foster关于多维贫困的分析框架,构建包括教育、健康、卫生条件、生活状况等7个指标的农村多维贫困识别指标体系,选取6个年度CHNS面板样本数据,分别从剥夺视角和需求视角对我国农村贫困人口进行识别、追踪和分解。前者分析农村多维贫困情况,并对致贫因素进行甄选;由于目前收入仍然是衡量贫困的核心指标,所以后者从需求定义出发,对贫困人口的不同贫困程度进行研究,考察非收入贫困群体中存在的隐性贫困问题,依据分析结果得出相关结论,提出相应政策启示。

Since 2000,we have made great achievements in solving problems of rural poverty,but the factors contributing to rural poverty and the manifestations of poverty have undergone significant changes,and the identification of rural poverty has changed from static income demand to dynamic multi-dimensional transformation.Using Alkire and Foster analysis framework about multidimensional poverty,buildingmultidimensional poverty identification index system including education,health,sanitation,rural life,etc seven indexes,selecting six years’CHNS panel sample data,respectively from the perspective of deprivation and demand perspective to recognize,track and decompose on China’s rural poor.The former analyzes the multidimensional poverty in rural areas and selects the factors contributing to poverty.Since income is still the core index to measure poverty at present,the latter studies different poverty levels of poor people from the perspective of demand definition,investigates the hidden poverty problems existing in non-income poor groups,draws relevant conclusions based on the analysis results,and proposes corresponding policy enlightenment.