河北小五台山国家级自然保护区涵养水源价值评估

Evaluation of Water Conservation Value in Hebei Xiaowutai Mountain National Nature Reserve

对小五台山自然保护区开展涵养水源价值评估可直观体现该区的生态系统服务功能,增强公众对该区资源保护的重视。该研究采用小五台山自然保护区2013～2016年森林生态系统定位研究站监测数据,采用地面标准气象站降水量监测、测流堰水量监测、地表径流监测、土壤水分监测,从林冠截留量、枯枝落叶层蓄水量和森林土壤储水量3个方面对涵养水源价值进行了评估。结果表明:小五台山自然保护区26700hm^2的森林涵养水源总经济价值为3173万元/a,其中林冠截留水源的经济价值为2.144×10~7元/a,枯落物蓄水的经济价值为2.25×10~6元/a,森林土壤储水的经济价值为8.04×10~6元/a,分别占森林涵养水源总价值比重为68%、7%和25%。因此,保护森林的价值绝不应局限于木材资源和动植物资源的直接经济价值,更重要的是森林作为重要生态系统为人类提供的生态效益价值。

The evaluation of water conservation value in Xiaowutaishan Nature Reserve can directly reflect the ecosystem service function of the area and enhance the public’s attention to the protection of resources in the area.The value of water conservation was evaluated in terms of canopy interception,litter water storage and forest soil water storage based on the monitoring data of Xiaowutai Mountain Nature Reserve from 2013 to 2016,adopting the precipitation monitoring,weir water monitoring,surface runoff monitoring and soil moisture monitoring.The results showed that the total economic value of forest conservation water resources in Xiaowutai mountain Nature Reserve was 31.73 million yuan/a,of which the economic value of canopy interception water resources was 2.144×10~7 yuan/a,litter water storage economic value was 2.25×10~6 yuan/a and forest soil water storage economic value was 8.04×10~6 yuan/a,which accounted for the total value of forest conservation water resources respectively is 68%,7%and 25%.Therefore,the value of forest protection should not be limited to the direct economic value of timber resources and animal and plant resources,more importantly,forest as an important ecosystem to provide ecological benefits for mankind.