土壤改良剂对设施番茄土壤微生物群落、品质及产量的影响

Effects of Soil Amendments on Soil Microbial Communities,Quality and Yield of Tomato in Protected House

研究土壤改良剂对设施番茄根际土壤微生物群落、番茄品质及产量的影响,为合理施用土壤改良剂提供科学依据。选择设施番茄为研究对象,研究了不同土壤改良剂(石灰氮、福气多、阿维菌素和基质)下土壤细菌、真菌、放线菌、品质及产量等的变化。结果表明,4种不同土壤改良剂均能有效增加土壤中细菌、真菌、放线菌和拮抗菌数量,其中细菌和真菌数量在番茄生长后期较中期有所降低;基质栽培处理的番茄红素和维生素C产量最高,分别为8.75mg/100g,78.60 mg/kg;可溶性糖含量为2.85%~3.29%;对照、基质栽培和阿维菌素处理糖酸比分别为7.57,6.91,7.70,口感最好;产量以基质栽培处理为最高,达139 059.30 kg/hm2,较对照增产21.18%。综合考虑口感品质和产量,初步明确了基质栽培番茄供生产参考。

The effect of soil amendments on soil microbial communities,quality and yield of tomato in protected house were investigated for providing a scientific basis for reasonable use of soil amendments. A field experiment was initiated in a planting tomato greenhouse with different kinds of soil amendments( lime nitrogen,fosthiazate,abamectin and substrate). Changes of bacteria,fungi,quality,yield were monitored. Results showed that four different types of soil amendments could significantly increased the number of soil bacteria,fungi,actinomycetes and antagonists,while the numbers of bacteria and fungi in the later growing period of tomato compared with the middle growing period were decreased; the contents of lycopene and Vc reached the highest under substrate treatment for 8. 75 mg/100 g,78. 60 mg/kg,respectively; the soluble sugar content ranged from 2. 85% FW to 3. 29% FW; compared with other treatments,the sugar acid ratio of CK,substrate and abamectin were 7. 57,6. 91 and 7. 70,respectively,taste the best; under substrate treatment,the yield of tomato was the highest for 139 059. 30 kg/ha,which was increased by 21. 18% compared with CK. Considering the taste quality and yield,substrate could be used as a preliminary reference for tomatoes production.