深松对土壤物理性质和作物产量的影响研究

Effects of Subsoiling on Soil Physical Properties and Crop Yields

采用大田试验方法,在4个典型县市选择了9个试验点,对湖北省农机深松作业对土壤物理性质和作物产量的影响进行了研究。结果表明,与常规耕作相比,深松处理25 cm以下土层的紧实度降低12.4%～51.0%,平均降低27.8%;20～30 cm土层土壤容重降低2.1%～7.4%,平均降低3.8%;0～20 cm和30～40 cm土层土壤含水量分别增加13.1%和14.3%。同时,深松处理作物产量增加1.3%～17.0%,平均增产7.0%,增产效果玉米要好于花生和大豆。可见,深松能降低下层土壤的紧实度和容重,提高表层和下层土壤的含水量,并能增加作物产量。

Using the field test method,9 test sites were selected in 4 typical counties and cities to study the effects of agricultural machinery deep-soil operation on soil physical properties and crop yield in Hubei Province.The results showed that compared with conventional tillage,the compaction of soil layer under 25 cm of deep pine treatment decreased by 12.4%~51.0%,with an average decrease of 27.8%;the soil bulk density of soil layer of 20~30 cm decreased by 2.1%~7.4%,with an average decrease 3.8%;soil water content in soil layers of 0~20 cm and 30~40 cm increased by 13.1%and 14.3%,respectively.At the same time,the yield of crops treated with deep pine is increased by 1.3%~17.0%,and the average yield is increased by 7.0%.The yield-increasing effect of corn is better than that of peanuts and soybeans.It can be seen that deep pine can reduce the compactness and bulk density of the underlying soil,increase the water content of the surface layer and the underlying soil,and increase crop yield.